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+---
+title: Migrating from Mailchimp to Listmonk
+date: 2021-12-29T14:19:00+01:00
+categories:
+  - software
+tags:
+  - privacy
+  - go
+---
+
+In January of 2022, Mailchimp's [General Data Protection Regulation](https://mailchimp.com/intuit-completes-mailchimp-acquisition/) (GDPR) is about to change. Why? Intuit acquired Mailchimp, requiring a slew of legal-related changes, such as terms of use, data processing options, etc. I don't do mailing lists myself, but my wife uses Mailchimp for her small start-up to send out monthly "moments of revelation" or _lichtpuntjes_ (Dutch people: [take a look and subscribe!](https://kristienthoelen.be/lichtpuntjes/)). 
+
+Trained as a lawyer, she of course is very mindful of data regulation issues. Mailchimp's off-site---outside of the European Union---server location was always a bit of a pickle, and now with the acquisition, things got worse. According to her, they're not complaint with the latest GDPR rules and still hiding behind the [now dead EU-US Privacy Shield](https://www.gdprauditing.com/eu-us-privacy-shield-is-dead/). Long story short: we wanted to take control of her data: the subscribers. 
+
+An excessively long list of Mailchimp alternatives didn't make the choice any easier. Elimination of outside-of-Europe server locations did shorten it by quite a bit, but one of the other problems with Mailchimp-alike solutions is its needless **complexity**. My wife and me regularly got lost in the menu navigation and sheer volume of options, while all we wanted to do is compose a mail and send it out. 
+
+My growing interest in the [Go](/tags/go) programming language made me stumble upon [Listmonk.app](https://listmonk.app/) a few months ago. This was the perfect time to try it out. It's essentially a _simple_ and self-contained self-hosted solution that uses a Postgres DB to store the sensitive data, meaning we can decide where to physically put it. The installation was dead-easy: `./listmonk --new-config` and `./listmonk --install`. Yay, we've got an instance up and running!
+
+The only downside (and perhaps also upside) of simpler alternatives is the focused usability: Listmonk is nothing but a shell that manages your subscriptions and email campaigns. The actual _sending_ of the mails, through SMTP or whatnot, is _not_ done through the application, but requires the configuration of an external mail server. After failed attempts to try and get it to work with `smtp.gmail.com`, I was ready to de-install it. Until I thought "what am I doing?"---[email is not secure](https://latacora.micro.blog/2020/02/19/stop-using-encrypted.html), the headers are never encrypted, I'm still giving Google all contact information. Why would I do that?
+
+The alternatives are MailGun, Coresender (which even has a [nice Listmonk + Coresender install page](https://coresender.com/integrations/listmonk)), and the like, that are very expensive if your mailing list only contains 30 subscribers. Since I had a Postfix install up and running anyway, why not try to configure SMTP server `localhost`? First tests are cautiously optimistic. I am just waiting to hit the DMARC-failure-wall, but so far, we've tried sending it to a few different servers, without activating any spam filter. Great!
+
+In case my future self is looking to reproduce the success, here are the steps I took to install and configure everything:
+
+1. Download, extract, and configure listmonk.
+2. [Create a listmonk Postgres user, database, grant rights](https://orahow.com/create-user-in-postgresql/). (`CREATE USER listmonk WITH PASSWORD 'jaddajadda';`)
+3. Create a listmonk Linux account. Add `hostname:port:database:username:password` to `600`-chmodded `.pgpass` for backups.
+4. Set SMTP server at `localhost:25`. Pray you've got things in order at the Postfix side. 
+5. Configure lists and whatnot in Listmonk.
+6. Add a `pg_dump` command to `crontab` to timely auto-backup.
+7. Add a `listmonk.service` in `/etc/systemd/system`.
+8. Update all ansible scripts to automatically execute all previous steps!
+
+My wife's site is a Wordpress install, meaning it uses PHP. I created a small server-side security check to avoid spammers from subscribing, and to anti-corrupt the Mailchimp interface. Thanks to that layer, it was easy to plug out and replace with a new one for Listmonk. It uses `curl` to call the [API /Subscribers](https://listmonk.app/docs/apis/subscribers/) to subscribe new members to the respective mailing lists. Something like this:
+
+```php
+// $tag is the human-readable mailing list name
+public function subscribe($email, $tag) {
+	if(!$this->validateMail($email)) {
+		return $this->error('email');
+	}
+	if(!$this->validateTag($tag)) {
+		return $this->error('tag');
+	}
+	
+	$url = self::$server . "/api/subscribers";
+	$payload = '{ "preconfirm_subscriptions": true, "name": "anonymous", "email": "' . $email . '", "status": "enabled", "lists": [' . self::$tags[$tag] . '] }';	
+	$json = $this->curl($url, "POST", $payload);
+
+	return $this->success();
+}
+```
+
+Listmonk uses numbered IDs in the `lists` array, which kind of sucks, so associative array `$tags` "solves" this. Lastly, since we don't want to collect a name, but the API still requires one, I simply submit "anonymous". 
+
+![](../listmonk.png "The Listmonk Campaign page.")
+
+So far, we're happy with the switch. A few things to take into account:
+
+- There's no Dutch translation available---yet. I'll try to do the translation in the coming days.
+- In Mailchimp, you could send a "welcome!" mail after each subscription. I can hack my way around this but haven't found the feature here. 
+- The content template uses Go's templating engine. While I love this, it's a bit difficult for my wife to use, and there's no box to pick template keys from.
+
+Hopefully the next campaign that launches will successfully land in every mailbox! At least now we fully control everything and can simplify our own privacy statement. 
+
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